Peru develops early warnings of melting glaciers – in pictures
The snow-topped peaks in northern Peru are retreating so much that many visitors now come to see how much the glaciers have melted. The environmental changes have increased the risk of flooding and other problems for local people, but they are finding solutions to protect themselves and their water resources.Villagers in Pariacaca watch a presentation about Peru’s first early warning system, which monitors glacial lake 513, located above their village. In 2010, they managed to escape a landslide precipitated by an ice avalanche into the lake because they had constructed tunnels to drain off extra water. As the glaciers melt, the excess meltwater will cause more floods in downstream villages such as Pariacaca. Now, with technical assistance from the University of Zurich and Swiss aid, the solar-powered early warning system allows them to sleep more easily at night.Farmer Alejandro Cruz measures the pH of the Black river, which is turning increasingly red due to acidic iron oxide deposits. An unexpected side-effect of the glacial retreat is the acidification of the meltwater, as the withdrawing ice exposes metal-rich rocks to the air for the first time in tens of thousands, or even millions, of years .After heavy rainfall, the pH reading of the river water stands at 4.9 (highly acidic, for water). Cruz and his farming community are working with scientists to use local plants to counteract the heavy metals in the meltwater. Certain plants have an 'extraordinary capacity to absorb metals', says Raul Loayza, an aquatic toxicologist at Lima’s Cayetano Heredia University. Cruz and his fellow farmers are beginning to tailor the existing highland wetlands – which act like slow-release sponges for glacial meltwater – to combat the deteriorating quality of the water as well as storing it.Geronimo Salvador examines his potato crops, which have been blighted by ‘rancha negra’: 'It happens when the soil is waterlogged. The potato looks burnt.' The weather is much more extreme than it used to be, he says. 'There are more rains in the rainy season, more droughts in the dry season, and more frosts in the winter'.'We never used to have pests at 3,500 metres above sea level, but now that it’s warmer at this time of year, we do,' says Salvador. 'Some farmers are starting to use insecticide for the first time,' he adds. Farmers in the Cordillera Blanca are now learning about irrigation from farmers in the Cordillera Negra on the other side of the Santa valley. They are preparing for a time when there will be less water, both in quantity and quality after the glaciers have melted
Source-http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/gallery/2013/apr/12/pe...
The roof of the rink in Bredenbury collapsed under the weight of snow. (Supplied to CBC)
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